Combined motor and compressor.



c. P. TOLMAN. COMBINED MOTOR AND GOMPBESSOB.

AHLIQATIOR FILED NOV. 16, 1906.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

WITNESSES:

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G. P. TOLMAN.

GOMBINED MOTOR AND comrnnsson.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 16,1905.

901,499. Patented 001;.2-0, 190s.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. CHARLES P. TOLMAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,ASSIGNOR, l3YMESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE ROTENG MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

COMBINED MOTOR AND COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

Application filed November 16, 1905. Serial No. 287,561.

and Compressor, of which the following is a specification.

The combinations of these devices as now constructed are cumbersome,undesirable and im' ractical for many uses, particularly that 0supplying compressed air for air brake purposes on electric or steamcars, where weight and space are potent factors of economy of operation.There is also no provision made in such combinations for su plyinglubrication to all moving parts of the same by a simple and continuoussystem such that all parts of the combined apparatus will receive theirrequired lubrication from a common reservoir, and the object of thisinvention is to provide a simple, compact, light and durable form ofcombined motor and compressor of the rotary type which shall also beprovided with a simple and continuous system of oiling for all movingparts.

Another a parent object is to afford a means for coo mg the motor'by theincoming air.

With these ends in view my invention consists of the novel features andcombinations of parts described hereinafter and specified in the claims.

I have preferably used for my compressor in this combination the type ofrotary engine described in United States patents to Nielsen, No.720,952, dated February 17, 1903,

and No. 755,161, dated March 22, 1904. For this reason I shall not referto the details of construction or operation of that device to greaterextent than is necessary to fully'describe its a plication to thiscombination.

In, the illustrations I show one means by which my invention may becarried out, in which Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of thedevice, Fig. 2, a vertical section on line A-B, Fig. 3, a broken sectionof the case showing the reservoir attached on the compressor side of thesame, Fig. 4, a vertical section, on line CD, Fig. 5, a vertical sectionon the line EF, and Fig. 6, a front view of the bearing 13'. Figs. 7 and8 are horizontal sections of modified forms of the shaft, and Fig. 9 adetail view of the valve in vertical section.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

Referring to the drawings numeral 1 designates a stationary casing orframe inclosing the working parts and conformed thereto,

and provided on its upper surface with lugs 2 for su ortinI the same asfor exam le to the bottom of a car by the method commonly known asceiling suspension, said frame also being provided with lugs 3 forattaching the same to the floor when that form of installation is to beused. A hollow shaft 5 is j ournaled on bearings 4 and 4' carried by theframe 1, and the pistons 8 reciprocating in the cylinders 7 aresuspended by wrist pins 9 from the yokes 10, the lower extremities ofthe arms of which yokes terminate in segmental lugs 11 movably mount edon suitable bearings 13 and 13 encircled and restrained to said bearings'by suitable rings 12, said bearings being eccentrically located withres ect to said shaft 5. A suitable va ve 14 in said hollow shaft,

having an inlet port 15 and an outlet ort 16,

constructed so as to communicate wit ports in the inner ends of each ofsaid cylinders 7 is held in position by a rod 17 which is suitablyanchored to a spider 18 formedin cap 19,

which cap is suitably supported from the frame 1 by the cap 19*, thejoint between. said caps being so constructed as to provide for apacking land 45. The anchorage of the rod 17 in spider 18 is so formedthat valve 14 may be adjusted and held in a definite position withreference to the axes of rotation ofsaid cylinders and pistons both asregards sliding and rotary motion.

The adjustment of valve 14 serves to place the valve in the correctposition in the shaft with reference to the ports in said shaft,.itbeing apparent that for practical and successful operation the valveports must register longitudinally with the shaft orts to. make theirfull length available, an at the same time, the valve ort must be socircum-,,

ferentially situated with reference to the dead center of the mechanismthat intake and exhaust of fluid will begin at the proper time accordingto the positlon of the istons in the cylinders. This adjustment 0 thevalve is made when the machine is assembled but further adjustment maybe accomplished if it should be necessary at any time in the mannerabove described.

In order to adjust the valve it is only ,necessary to release lock nut17 Then by turning rod 17, valve 14, which is attached to this rod bymeans of pin 17 may be rotated about its own longitudinal axis to thedesired position within the shaft. Lock nut 17 is then tightened againstspider l8 and further rotation of the valve is impossible. A shoulder 17on rod 17 determines the longitudinal osition of the valve. A slightdegree of exibility is allowed in the connection between rod 17 andvalve by making a free fit of pin 17 in openings 17 d in the valve body,or in the opening in stem 17 where in 17' passes through the stem, asshown in I ig. 9.

The armature of. the motor (the drawingsshow a motor of the directcurrent type, though other forms of electric or fluid pressure motorsmay be used equally well, it being apparent that a fluid pressure motorof the Nielsen type, or of any other suitable type, could be usedinstead of an electric motor) is suitably mounted on said hollow shaft5, and inclosed in case 1, which case preferably forms a part of themagnetic circuit or circuits for the field of the motor 40, the fieldpieces being an integral part of the said case or suitably attachedthereto.

Fig. 2 shows the'motor as being of the four pole direct current typewith two salient poles 42 and two consequent poles 43. The motor ispreferably separated from the compressor by a partition 23, as shown inFig. 1-. The power to operate the motor is led into the same through theordinary leads passing through suitably insulated openings in the frameor case 1.

I prefer to admit the fluid to be acted upon through the motor end ofthe shaft and dischargethrough the compressor end, for the incoming airas it passes throu h the shaft will tend to cool the motor and a so theshaft bearing at that end of the shaft; but it will be seen that byreversing the direction of motion of the moving parts or by properlychanging the angular position of the valve, the inlet and dischargeofthe fluid may also be reversed. In either case the device can be usedas a motor-driven vacuum pump, the connection which serves as thesuction-in the case of the compressor being coupled to the reservoir orapparatus to be exhausted.

In the base of the case or frame 1 I provide a settling reservoir 20 oneither or both sides of the compressor compartment as shown in Figs. 1and 3, with suitable overflow ports 22 and 22 in the partition 23 andframe 1 to permit communication between said reservoir or reservoirs andthe com ressor chamber, said ports being of s cient height above bottomof settlin chamber to retain at all times an apprecia le volume oflubricant 1n said chamber, which lubricant is quiescent, permittingdeposition of the sediment, the'reservoir being provided with suitableplugs 35 to permit the withdrawal of the sediment and lubricant, andsuital 1e means 21 being provided for filling the same with thelubricant. A duct 25 in the upper portion of the frame leads to abearing 4, a duct 27 in the lower portion of said frame leading fromsaid be: ring to bearing 13 which carries the segmental lugs 11 of theyokes 10. An oil guard ring 28 of suitable construction attached to androtating with the said shaft 5 and located in a chamber 46 in partition23 of the frame prevents any lubricant conducted on said shaft 5 frompassing into the motor case, such lubricant being collected' in saidchamber, from whence by the duct 29 said lubricant preferably drainsback into the compressor chamber so as to assist in the lubrication ofbearing 13 as it passes the same.

Bearing 13' may be made as an integral part of the case or as a separatepiece suitably attached thereto or supported thereon.

Another duct 30 in the upper part of, the case leads from the compressorchamber to bearing 4, a duct 34 in the lower portion of said caseleading from said bearing 4 to the settling reservoir 20. If thesettling reservoir 21 of Fig. 3 is used, the duct 27 also leads intothat reservoir, as shown in Fig. 3.

At the inlet end of the shaft (shown here as the motor end) I provide asuitable port 36 or 36 through which the lubricant enters the shaft 5and in consequence of the suction therein produced by the operation ofthe device, said lubricant is carried to the valve 14, whlch is therebylubricated.

It is thus seen that when the motor armature 40 is set in motion itcarries with it on the shaft 5 the cylinders of the compressor which aremounte on the same shaft as shown in Fig. 1. By virtue of the fact thatthe common bearings 13 and 13 of the pistons are eccentric w1threference to the shaft the pistons are caused to reciprocate in thecylinders, each piston making one complete stroke for every revolution-As the piston in any cylinder travels outward, the port in said cylinderand shaft 5 bein in communication with the inlet port 15 o the valve 14during the greater part of said stroke, the fluid to be compressed isdrawn or sucked through the inlet end of the shaft 5 and throu h saidcommunicating ports into said cylirr er. On the completion of theoutward stroke the cylinder port overtravels the inlet ports in thevalve, cutting1 off communication from said valve to t e cylinder. Oncontinued motion communication is estab-' lished between the cylinder,throu' h its said port, and the cavity of said valve t rough itsdischarge port 16, and the piston, which is, meanwhile, moving inwardlyin the cylinder, compresses and expels the fluid from the whence it maybe conducted by suitable means to the point of storage or use.

The motion of the pistons through the lubricant in the base of 'theframe, the reservoir having been filled to such depth with the lubricantthat the same overflows through port 22 or port 22 into the settlingreservoirs, serves to lubricate the pistons and wrist pinbearings. Thecopious lubrication of the pistons serves to conduct the lubricant tothe inner part of the cylinders, thereby lubricating them and thepacking rings therein. The rapid revolution of the cylinders serves, bythe paddle-like eflect of the rotating parts, to carry the lubricantabout the interior of the casing 1 in a continuous stream, thecentrifugal effect of the circular motion of the lubricant causingthesame to flow into ducts 25 and '30 in the up er part of the case,through which ducts tl ie lubricant continues to flow by gravity to thevarious bearing sur faces as above described, the lubricant returningeventually through the ducts 27, 29 and 34 to the common reservoir.

It is evident that my invention may be carried out equally well with theshaft composed of two or more parts suitably coupled. Any of thewell-known means for coupling may be used, and one such means is shownin F ig.- 7, in which, for convenience, I have shown a threaded couplercombined with the oil guard ring 28 on which the adjacent ends of theshafts are screwed, the shafts abutting against their respective sidesof the guardproper communication, of course, must be provided betweenthe guard disk chamber and the atmosphere or source of supply of fluidfor, compression. Another means permitting the use of a solid shaft forthe motor case in such manner as to interfere as little as possible withthe mechanical and electrical parts therein contained or theirmechanical construction or the heretofore described lubricating system.

As shown in Fig. 2, I have provided both portions of the casing withflanges 54, in

which provision is made for bolts 52, said bolts serving to hold theparts of the casing together in their normal positions. The arrangementshown in said figure is the most preferable as it permits the removal ofthe top or bottom portion of the case according as the apparatus issuspended as by lugs 2 or supported as hereinbefore described.

In cases where the a paratus is supported by lugs 2 as, for examp e, onthe bottom of a car where the com ressor is used for air brake purposes,furt er facility in inspecting or dismantling the apparatus in place isafforded by the construction illustrated in Fig. 4, the object of whichis to permit the removal of the bottom portion of'the casing 1, leavingthe moving parts of the motor and compressor sus ended in their bearingsin such manner t atnthey also can be subsequently readily removed. Thisis accomplished in detail as follows: eReferring again to -'Fi 4, whichis a section on line C-D in the d rection indicated by the arrow,bearing 4 at the motor end of shaft 5, it being understood that the sameor similar construction is used in bearing 4 at thejcom ressor end ofsaid shaft, has lugs 50 forme on or suitably attached to it lugs 51 areformed on or attached to the upper portion of the case immediatelyopposing said lu s 50. It will then be readily seen that on t e removalof the lower portion of case 1, and as a consequence thereof, thesupport from the bottom of the bearing, lugs 50, if not already incontact, immediately come in contact with and are sustained by lugs 51.This action takes place similarly in bearing 4. It is then onlynecessary to slide the bearings lon itudinally on the ends of shaft 5,when said shaft and its attached mechanism is 'free to leave the case.

Fig. 5 shows a construction for bearing 13 and a means for supportingthe same in its pro er position such as to permit the removal of t emoving arts of the motor and comressor and their common shaft intact.

earing 13' proper carries as a art thereof boss 55, room for which isprovi ed in partition 23. Lug 48 formed on or attached to said hearingor boss 55 is fitted in a recess provided in partition 23, preferably inthe ower portion of the case. Bearing 13' 1s fitted with a running fit uon shaft 5, and in order that it may be readi y removed from or appliedto said shaft, it is arted, as is showii in Fi s. 5 and 6, on a anepassing throu h the ongitudinal axis 0 shaft 5, said parts eing properlymated bya tongue and groove, as shown, or by other equivalent means,-and held together by screws 56, substantially as shown, the screwspreferably entering from the top part of the bearing since the leastpressure and least wear is on that portion of the bearing surface. Asimilar construction is provided for bearing 13.

Bearin 13 is not intendedto and does not sup ort s laft 5. Its sole useand purpose is to orm a su port for piston yokes 10. Shaft 5 is thereore supported in the case by only two bearings 4 and 4, an intermediatebearing being dispensed with and eliminated. I thereby materially reducethe loss by friction and weight of the device-two very im portantelements in structures of the kinddescribed.

It is quite evident that boss 55 on bearing 13 and partition 23 of theframe can be so made as that said partition shall furnish a splpport forsaid boss and bearing, thereby a ording an intermediate bearing forshaft 5, but in order to gain the advantage of reduction in frictionloss and weight I prefer to eliminate all intermediate bearings forshaft 5 and sup ort the latter by two end bearings only. A ranch of ductwill lubricate said bearin 13, or lubrication can be provided by splashubrication from the compressor case.

Suitable hand holes (not shown here) may be provided in case 1 on themotor end to give access to the brushes and other electrical mechanisms,the brushes being suitably sup orted from said frame or casing.

What claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: 1. A combinedmotor and compressor consisting of a motor and compressor mounted on amechanically continuous shaft, a segmental case longitudinally dividedand inclosing the motor and compressor, two bearings in said casecarrying the shaft and a lubricant circulating system in said casecomprising a reservoir, a series of lubricant ducts communicatingtherewith and a settling chamber.

2. A combined motor and compressor consisting of a motor and acompressor mounted on a mechanically continuous shaft, a case inclosingsaid motor and compressor, and provided with a lubricant circulatingsystem supplied from a reservoir by the rotation of the compressor, andtwo bearings in the case for carrying the shaft.

3. In 'a combined motor and compressor the combination of a stationarycasing, a

shaft carried by two bearings on said casing,

' a motor and a rotary compressor mounted on said shaft, a valve in saidshaft with which the cylinders of the compressor communicate, and meansfor lubrlcating said valve from a reservoir in said casing by theincoming fluid.

4. A combined motor and compressor consisting of a stationary se mentaland longitudinally divided frame, a ollow shaft mount: ed to turn in twobearings longitudinally movable on said shaft, said bearings having lugswhich oppose companion lugs in one segment of the frame for retainingthe bearings and shaft'in said frame, a rotary compressor rigidlymountedon said shaft, and a motor having its moving parts mounted on said shaftand its stationary parts secured to said frame.

5. A combined motor and compressor consisting of a motor and a rotarycompressor mounted on a mechanically continuous shaft, and inclosed in acommon segmental case, two bearings carrying the shaft, said bearingsbeing longitudinally movable on said shaft for removal therefrom, meansfor retaining said bearings in one portion of the case and means forsupplying lubricant to said bearings from a reservoir by the rotation ofthe compressor.

6. In a combined motor and compressor the combination of a motor and acompressor mounted on a hollow shaft, a case inclosing said motor andcompressor in common, two bearings in the case carrying said shaft, anda port in the shaft through which lubricant is supplied by the incomingfluid as the compressor is revolved.

7. In a combined motor and compressor the combination of a mechanicallycontinuous shaft carried in a two part frame b two bearings, saidbearings being lon itudlnally slidable on said shaft and having ugswhich oppose companion lugs in one part of said frame, and a port insaid shaft in communication with one of said bearings through which portlubricant from a reservoir in the frame is conveyed to the interior ofsaid shaft by the incoming fluid.

8. In a'combined motor and compressor the combination of a separablecasing, a

shaft, shaft bearings supported in said casing, said bearings havinglugs which oppose companion lugs in one ortlon of said case forsupporting said sha t in that portion of the case.

In witness whereof I hereunto-set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses this 28th day of October, 1905.

CHARLES P. TOLMAN. Witnesses H. F. GLENN, E. M. HULSE.

